To me, this is one of the greatest achievements we have ever seen: the speedy production of a vaccine to help prevent even more sickness and death. But it turns out there's a great economic benefit as well.
"COVID-19 vaccines played a critical role in reducing severe illness and death during the pandemic, but developing them required significant investments from governments, pharmaceutical companies, and nonprofit organizations.
"A study published last week in PLOS Medicine examines whether those investments were worthwhile, and it finds that the health and economic benefits far outweighed the costs—with a 60- to 800-fold return on investment.
“Our study provides evidence that the unprecedented, rapid investments made into COVID vaccines early in the pandemic paid off massively both in health and economic benefits,” says senior author Mark Jit, PhD, a professor of global health at NYU School of Global Public Health, in a New York University news release. “Vaccine development, as well as equitable vaccine distribution globally, should be prioritized before and during global health crises.”
Vaccines prevented 1.5 billion infections
"For the study, researchers led by a team from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine analyzed vaccine-related costs and benefits across 173 countries from December 2020 to December 2021, when vaccination had its greatest impact because there was less immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
"The team compared the costs of vaccine development, manufacturing, and distribution with the health and economic benefits of vaccination, including years of life gained, improved quality of life from preventing severe illness and death, increased workplace productivity, and reduced healthcare spending.
"They used two different methods to quantify the benefits: the first assigned a monetary value to the lives saved. The second estimated the value of improved health relative to what healthcare systems would otherwise spend to achieve similar outcomes.
"They found that vaccine development and distribution cost an estimated $79.4 billion worldwide, including $13.2 billion in public and nonprofit investments, $14.1 billion in corporate and private-sector investments, and $8.94 billion in delivery costs.
"Meanwhile, they estimated that vaccination prevented 1.5 billion infections and 51.5 million hospitalizations, generating $564 billion in productivity savings and $222 billion in healthcare costs. Overall, the estimated benefits of vaccination ranged from $6.43 trillion to $64.3 trillion, which translates to a return on investment of $59.7 to $809 per dollar spent. The researchers note that the benefits of global vaccination were at least 70 times greater than the costs during the first year.
“While developing and rolling out these vaccines at unprecedented speed required substantial upfront investment, the health and economic benefits far outweighed the costs within just one year,” Hallie Benjamin, MSc, a medical student at Harvard Medical School and lead author of the paper, says in the news release.
Benefits unevenly distributed
"The findings highlighted substantial disparities across income groups. High-income countries experienced the greatest health and economic benefits per vaccinated person, reflecting earlier vaccine access, faster rollouts, and higher uptake. At the same time, low-income countries experienced the greatest savings in healthcare and productivity costs relative to their economies.
"Because the study only looked at the first year of vaccination, its return-on-investment estimates are likely conservative, note the researchers. And it excluded some costs and benefits, like changes in pandemic restrictions. Despite these limitations, the researchers say the findings support rapid investment in vaccine development.
“By preventing billions of infections and millions of hospitalizations and deaths, the vaccines generated enormous value for societies and economies worldwide,” concludes Benjamin."
The river cruise boat American Heritage lies partially submerged, left, after the tanker Atlantic Asphalt struck it while it was docked on the Mississippi River in New Orleans on Friday, Nov. 13, 2026. STAFF PHOTO BY ENAN CHEDIAK. NOLA.com https://shorturl.at/qQ89l
What a terrible day yesterday was between the riverboat capsizing and the unexpected ground stop, but it could have been so much worse.
First, a tanker somehow sliced right into a riverboat which was docked in New Orleans. Miraculously, none of the mostly elderly passengers on board was killed. If this incident had happened out at sea, the outcome would have been tragic.
While I was looking at that astounding sight on TV, word came of a sudden ground stop due to reasons of safety caused by communication failures. Fortunately, all the planes landed safely, This ground stop also could have been much worse, as even some passengers admitted. When they -- and I -- heard that phrase "ground stop", we immediately thought of September 11 and assumed there had been another terrorist attack involving planes. Thankfully, that wasn't the case. The reason seems to be ancient, outdated equipment.
"Today’s unprecedented breakdown is the latest in a series of unacceptable air travel incidents under the Trump Administration's failed leadership. From day one, instead of taking responsibility, MAGA extremists have fired and scapegoated hardworking federal employees whose job it is to keep our skies safe, particularly women and people of color."
Today Transportation Secretary Duffy and the FAA Administrator held a press conference and said that the cause was probably a piece of outdated equipment rather than a cyberattack. Of course, many in the public chose not to believe them, but I don't see why, if it was a cyberattack, they wouldn't just say so; and why it's not unlikely that a piece of equipment could cause this sort of crisis. I thought of the Challlenger disaster and how it turned out that the 1/4" thick O-Ring was responsible for bringing down a mighty rocket and space shuttle and killing the astronauts. The engineers had warned of the dangers, but NASA didn't listen.
Thankfully, luckily, nobody died yesterday from these two potential disasters.
More than one in five college students said the United States deserved the Sept. 11 terror attacks, according to a stunning new poll.
Some 22% of participants surveyed by the Buckley Institute agreed that “America deserved Sept. 11,” which saw terrorists crash planes into the World Trade Center, toppling its Twin Towers and slaughtering nearly 3,000 people.
A shocking poll found that one in five college students said the United States deserved the 9/11 terror attacks.Tamara Beckwith/NY Post
Another 72% disagreed with the statement while another 6% were unsure, according to the poll, which surveyed 803 American undergraduates.
The students polled weren’t yet born during the horrifying terror attacks plotted by al Qaeda that took place in 2001, 25 years ago.
But the 22% agreed with US bashers such as left-wing streamer Hasan Piker, who infamously said in 2019 that America “deserved 9/11” and recently claimed the US military has committed more terrorism than al Qaeda.
But the 22% agreed with US bashers such as left-wing streamer Hasan Piker, who infamously said in 2019 that America “deserved 9/11” and recently claimed the US military has committed more terrorism than al Qaeda.
They were asked, “If you had to choose, which economic system would you prefer to live under?”
The result: 42% of students said they would rather live under a socialist system, versus just 28% preferring a capitalist one and the remaining 30% had no opinion.
The 14-point spread in favor of socialism is the largest in the five years the question has been asked.
Nearly half of the students — 47% — said they agreed with the statement, “While socialist countries like Cuba and the Soviet Union have not been perfect, they offer a better economic model than capitalist countries like the United States.”
Only 33% said US capitalism was a better model, the poll found.
Hostility toward Israel has grown in the past year, according to the survey.
When asked which country is a better ally for the United States, 38% said Palestine and 25% said Israel, a 9-point shift away from the Jewish state compared to last year.
More students believe racism is still a systemic problem in America.
Asked about progress on racial equality in the US, half or 50%, said America is inextricably linked to white supremacy and in general most minorities remain excluded from the American promise of equality.
Just 39% said they believed America is moving forward and the promise of equality continues to be extended to more people, the poll found.
Meanwhile, 40% of students agreed that “offensive speech” should be criminally prosecuted while 52% disagreed.
“This year’s survey demonstrates that censorious attitudes remain stubbornly high on America’s college campuses,” said Buckley Institute founder and Executive Director Lauren Noble.
“During the 250th anniversary of America’s founding, America’s college students have swung heavily in favor of socialism. Alarmingly, those same students are more likely to support shout downs, violence to stop hate speech, and other tools of censorship.”
One-third said transgender athletes should be able to participate in whichever gender class they feel more comfortable in, while 53% said doing so would be unfair because it disadvantages female athletes as “there are biological differences between men and women,” the poll found.
The Buckley Institute is named after William F. Buckley Jr., a national leader in the conservative movement who founded National Review, was a host on PBS’ “Firing Line” show and ran for New York City mayor in 1965 under the Conservative Party banner.
The national survey was conducted Sept. 5-14 for the Buckley Institute by Inquire LLC. It has a margin of error of 3.5 percentage points.
This week, a panel of experts is meeting behind closed doors to decide whether the U.S. has lost its measles elimination status. If we lose status (if I were a betting person, I would say we will), it will cause a lot of commotion. Below, I'll help you get ahead of it with what’s going on, what rumors to expect, and what’s next.
Also, fall viruses are doing what they always do: increasing on multiple fronts. That data shows that “sick season” is right around the corner. But where is the fall vaccination data?
Let’s dig in.
Health “weather” report
Each week, physicians tally how many people they see with a fever plus a cough or sore throat. It’s called ILI (influenza-like illness), and it’s a good way to gauge the health “climate” in the U.S.
Right now, the number of people sick is still relatively low but climbing. Nationally, the rate is 2.8%, just below the 2.9% baseline that marks the start of respiratory season. The South and West are already above it, at 3.3% each, and young kids are getting hit the hardest.
ILI Activity, by season and by state. Source: CDC; Annotated by Your Local Epidemiologist.
When we look at the specific viruses, like the “big three,” here’s where we are:
Flu is here. Nationally, about 9% of flu tests are coming back positive, and hospitalizations are climbing in every region but one. The West Coast and the South are seeing the most activity, and the Northeast is beginning to pick up. The CDC reported three flu-associated child deaths so far in the 2026-2027 season. This will reach ~200 kiddos by season's end.
Covid-19 is in a holding pattern. Wastewater levels are moderate but hovering nationally. This is very odd, as typically levels decrease after summer before increasing again in December or January. At the state level, rates are truly a mixed bag.
RSV is starting its usual winter climb. Hospitalizations are climbing, mostly in kids under 5, and the South is furthest along. This is typically where the RSV season begins before it spreads North and West.
Where is the vaccination rate data?
CDC has not yet published vaccination rates for this fall season, which is highly unusual, since this data typically appears on the website in September or October. Not having this data publicly available is unacceptable. It also raises questions about why.
This data matters for many reasons: Hospitals typically use it to anticipate surges, ER wait times, and stretched staff. Health departments can use it to spot which neighborhoods are falling behind, so they can increase outreach to reach the people who need it. It also holds leadership accountable for vaccine access, communication, and outreach.
I hope people start making noise about it.
What this means for you: This is the sweet spot for getting fall vaccines. Reaching the ILI threshold for “sick season” also means I start wearing a mask in crowded indoor areas, like the airport. I just don’t have time to get sick; you probably don’t either.
Spotlight: Measles elimination status is brewing behind closed doors
This week, an independent panel of eight experts meets to decide whether the U.S. loses its “elimination” status for measles, meaning the virus has spread continuously in the country for 12 months.
The clock began January 20, 2025, with the West Texas outbreak (February 1 in Mexico, which is also under review). The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) pushed the review from April to November 2026 to allow time for genetic analysis. (It also falls after the midterms, and some suspect RFK Jr. or the administration influenced this.)
CDC and local health departments compiled the evidence, a U.S. expert committee reviewed it over the summer, and now the panel will advise the PAHO director, who makes the final call.
The report is confidential, but PAHO reviews all the evidence together, and no single piece determines the outcome. The core question is whether the same strain of measles (same genotype and lineage) kept spreading for 12 months without a break.
Most of the evidence comes from two places:
Old-school detective work. Health departments interview sick people and trace who infected whom and where. This work is critical to understanding how illness spreads (and how to stop it). The challenge is that the trail often goes cold because people don’t want to be interviewed, they don’t remember, or they are impossible to contact. That is why #2 matters…
Whole-genome sequencing. Instead of relying only on interviews, this option looks at the virus’s genetic code in measles tests to see whether it has spread continuously for 12 months. Measles picks up a mutation every two to four transmissions between people, kind of like a typo copied (and added) every time a note gets passed along. By reading the virus’s entire genetic code, scientists can see its family tree and whether the Utah case is a “grandchild” of the Texas case (continuous spread) or a separate arrival from another country (a new introduction).
The panel also weighs other factors, including vaccination rates and the effectiveness of a country’s surveillance and outbreak response.
What will it mean?
Many, including me, expect the U.S. to lose elimination status. If that happens, it means measles is officially “endemic” again. The label is largely symbolic. It signals measles is spreading freely in unvaccinated pockets, and it means more preventable disease (more sick unvaccinated people, higher medical bills, and more kids missing school.)
It also means we need a plan to crawl back. I won’t hold my breath for RFK Jr.
What next?
We should know the decision within a week. Last year, PAHO announced Canada’s decision the Monday after the panel met. So I expect we’ll hear something next Monday, November 16. Brace for the headlines.
Also, brace for a fight over the social media narrative. This is where prebunking, learning a misleading argument before you see it, helps. You’re then much less likely to fall for it. It’s like a vaccine for misinformation: a small, weakened dose now builds resistance for later.
Here are a few misconceptions that I see coming:
“This was caused by illegal immigrants.” (Scapegoating and a red herring.) Most imported cases are U.S. residents returning from international travel. Also, this isn’t really the point. An endemic status depends on whether it kept spreading after it arrived. Here is a YLE deep dive.
“Canada lost it too.” (Whataboutism.) Yes, so did the UK. This isn’t just a U.S. centric problem, but it’s preventable, and that means we need to look inward, not just outward.
“The MMR vaccine doesn’t work.” (Nirvana fallacy and base rate neglect.) Vaccines aren’t perfect, but this one is impressively effective (97%). The vast majority of measles cases are among the unvaccinated.
“We all had measles as kids and it was fine.” (Survivorship bias.) The people saying this are the ones who survived. About one in five unvaccinated people who get measles are hospitalized, and people have died this year. This is preventable.
“Measles only killed eight people this year. Why not focus on opioids?” (Relative privation.) Less deadly doesn’t mean unimportant, and public health can and should work on both.
But expect to see them in the other extreme, too:
“We lost our status, so measles is everywhere.” (Hasty generalization.) Outbreaks are concentrated in communities with low vaccination rates. Not everyone faces the same risk, and raising the alarm when a community isn't at risk can do immense harm.
“It happened under the current administration, so they caused it.” This one needs nuance. Kindergarten MMR coverage has been sliding below 95% for years. But leadership does shape how we respond as a country, where resources go, how agencies communicate, and how quickly we restore our status.
What this means for you: When the news drops, we’ll explain what it means and what it doesn’t, and answer some of your top questions.
For now, expect a very loud conversation. We all play a role in the information ecosystem. Also remember, if you’re up to date on vaccinations, your risk remains very, very low.
For more information, this deep explainer on measles elimination from Common Health Coalition is fantastic.
Good news
Overdose deaths keep falling. CDC estimates nearly 68,000 overdose deaths in the year ending March 2026, about 9,500 fewer than the prior year. The nuance: among counties with enough data, deaths rose in 430.
Barbados eliminated mother-to-child HIV transmission.WHO certified the milestone, the result of years of sustained effort. This doesn’t mean HIV has been eliminated altogether in Barbados. It does mean, as UNICEF put it, that an HIV diagnosis during pregnancy in Barbados no longer has to mean transmission to a child. It worked because 98% of pregnant women got antenatal care, 98% were tested for HIV, and 98% of those with HIV received treatment.
RSV vaccines are working in nursing homes. A JAMA Internal Medicine study of nearly 600,000 Medicare nursing home residents found vaccinated residents were 73% less likely to be hospitalized with RSV during the vaccine’s first season. This is a high-risk group, so the real-world data is encouraging. Those who got the vaccine were also 56% less likely to die of RSV. Thanks to Force of Infection for flagging this win!
Bottom line
Public health moves slowly. Flu, RSV, and Covid-19 follow patterns we can prepare for before they peak. Measles took years of missteps to resurge, and returning to elimination will take persistence. But progress is also possible.
Love, YLE
Your Local Epidemiologist (YLE) comprises a team of experts, ranging from physicians to immunologists to epidemiologists to nutritionists, working together with one goal: to “translate” ever-evolving public health science so that people are well-equipped to make evidence-based decisions. The YLE suite of newsletters reaches over 475,000 people across more than 132 countries. This newsletter is free to everyone, thanks to the generous support of fellow YLE community members.
3 US measles deaths this week, < 19% of multisymptom Long COVID patients improve by 3 years, H5N1 death in WA, doctors and nurses win big in the midterms, CAR-T may reset autoimmune diseases.
Ruth Ann Crystal MD
Influenza A is high in many places in the U.S., as is COVID. Here in the Bay Area, San Francisco’s test positivity for Influenza A is at 22.5% which is higher than last year’s peak.
Regarding COVID, JP Weiland and Mike Hoerger both show that there appears to be no lull between the late summer and the winter COVID waves. However, they disagree as to how many Americans are being infected with COVID every day. JP Weiland says that there are 230,000 new COVID infections daily, while Mike Hoerger says that there are more like 1,136,000 new COVID infections daily.
The large difference in daily case numbers appears to stem from how each modeler calculates their numbers. JP Weiland tweeted that he is basing his numbers on both WastewaterSCAN SARS-CoV-2 levels and Emergency Department visits for COVID, while Mike Hoerger bases his information on SARS-CoV-2 wastewater levels from both the CDC and from BioBot. I think that using wastewater and ED data is a stronger approach, so I feel that we may be closer to 230,000 new infections per day versus more than a million new cases daily.
Authors say that the stress of the lockdowns during the beginning of the COVID pandemic accelerated epigenetic aging in both children and adults. However, they don’t discuss how getting infected and reinfected with COVID may also cause an increase in epigenetic aging.
The Durham County Department of Public Health reminds people that “protection from COVID-19 vaccines fades over time, & the virus that causes COVID-19 changes over time. Getting an annual COVID-19 vaccine provides new protection & reduces your risk of becoming seriously ill or dying from COVID-19.”
A PLOS Medicine analysis estimates COVID vaccine development and delivery cost $79.4 billion in the first year, but the health and economic benefits were valued at $6.43 to $64.3 trillion. That’s roughly $60 to $809 returned benefit per dollar invested.
Investigators at the Netherlands’ RIVM examined 678,482 COVID transmission pairs and determined that vaccination lowered both an individual’s susceptibility to infection and their probability of subsequently transmitting the virus to others. The data further revealed that the majority of documented transmission events occurred among individuals who had not completed a full vaccination course.
A new article profiles Dr. Lucinda Bateman, who opened one of the first ME/CFS clinics after her sister, Shauna Bateman Horne, became bedridden with the disease. It also covers Rob Wüst’s finding of muscle damage after exercise in Long COVID patients with post-exertional malaise, and an Iwasaki and Putrino study showing that mice given antibodies from people with Long COVID develop the same symptoms.
In a new review, Korean researchers looked at evidence showing that SARS-CoV-2 infection can trigger the reactivation of latent herpesviruses like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), which ordinarily remain dormant in the body for life. The review identifies dysfunction in T cells and natural killer cells as a likely mechanism through which these viruses escape immune control, and proposes this reactivation as a potential contributor to Long COVID.
CDC researchers examined Long COVID rates across 48 U.S. states and found that approximately 6.7% of American adults were affected in 2023. States where residents received COVID boosters at higher rates showed meaningfully lower Long COVIDprevalence, a relationship that held up even when researchers accounted for other contributing factors.
Researchers from the University of Bristol analyzed EHR data from 18.3 million adults and found that cognitive impairment remained elevated for a minimum of five years following COVID infection. The elevated risk was more pronounced among individuals who were unvaccinated or who required hospitalization due to COVID infection.
UCSF and San Francisco VA researchers compared 32 adults who reported persistent subjective cognitive decline, such as worsening memory or concentration for over 12 weeks following a COVID infection to 34 adults who did not. Findings revealed that while these patients exhibited no objective neuropsychological deficits, cognitive complaints were strongly associated with higher levels of depression, anxiety, systemic inflammation (sCD14), and APOE-ε4, a genetic dementia risk marker.
In 1,019 RECOVER-Adult participants with probable Long COVID at 12 months, about half (50.1%) had sustained symptom improvement within three years and 27% reached complete remission. Recovery varied greatly by symptom pattern however: about 60% with smell or taste predominant illness improved, versus less than 19% who had Long COVID symptoms that affected multiple body systems. Placebo-controlled treatment trials are needed.
Researchers at Peking University compiled a dataset of 1.2 million natural killer cells spanning 50 distinct diseases and used artificial intelligence to identify gene expression signatures capable of distinguishing 18 of those conditions, pointing toward potential new diagnostic biomarkers. Among the study’s notable findings, adaptive natural killer cells appeared at higher levels in Long COVID patients than in those experiencing acute COVID infection. Their NKceiver model predicted COVID severity with an AUROC 0.912.
Yakima County, Washington, reports two people have been infected with H5N1 avian influenza, including a person who has died. The death was in an individual with underlying health conditions and is the first U.S. H5N1 death this year. The other new case is mild, and officials note that there has been no human-to-human spread. All 3 reported human H5N1 cases in Yakima county have been from contact with infected cattle on dairy farms.
JP Weiland infographic shows why H5N1 bird flu infections on mink farms in Utah are particularly worrisome. Minks have both α2,3 receptors like birds and α2,6 receptors like humans. They are a potential bridge host.
As of November 5, 2026, the CDC reports 5,182 confirmed measles cases in the United States in 2026.
Sadly, three Americans died of measles this week, including an infant in New York, the state’s first measles death in 30 years. Two days later, Pennsylvania reported the death of an unvaccinated person in Jefferson County. A day after that, Wisconsin reported the death of an infant, the state’s first since 1990.
While two doses of the MMR vaccine are 97% effective at preventing measles infections, infants under 12 months are generally too young for their first routine MMR dose, so they depend on the vaccinated people around them for protection. When community MMR vaccine coverage falls below 95%, herd immunity weakens, and babies, unvaccinated people, and the immunocompromised can pay the ultimate price.
The Pennsylvania victim was reported to be a 21 year old woman who died of measles and complications of childbirth. Measles during pregnancy can be extremely dangerous for both mother and baby. In a small Namibian measles outbreak cohort, pregnant people with measles had about 6 times the risk of spontaneous abortion, 9 times the risk of fetal death, and nearly 10 times the risk of maternal death compared with pregnant individuals without measles.
There have been 667 new measles cases reported in just the last 2 weeks! The expected mortality rate from measles ranges from 1 to 3 deaths per 1,000 infections and there were 3 deaths reported this week. The true number of measles cases is probably significantly higher than reported, since many cases are never counted.
WHO experts recommended adding two Ebola vaccine candidates, Oxford’s ChAdOx1 and Moderna’s mRNA-1469, to a clinical trial in DR Congo. They are the first vaccines designed specifically against Bundibugyo virus, the cause of the current Ebola outbreak. Vaccine results are expected in early 2027.
Democratic doctors and nurses were standout winners in the midterms this week, including Senate wins for pediatrician Dr. Annie Andrews and epidemiologist Dr. Abdul El-Sayed. Many centered their campaigns on opposing RFK Jr., and they may form a doctors’ caucus focused on affordability.
Four of eight new Kennedy appointees to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force were able to sign conflict-of-interest waivers allowing them to keep stock in drug and medical companies. Former task force leaders say such holdings would have disqualified them and could erode public trust.
“Two large studies published yesterday look at declining rates of newborns receiving the vitamin K birth injection and come to a grim conclusion—skipping the birth dose leads to an increase in infant bleeding… Nonreceipt of IM vitamin K was associated with greater than twice the risk of both intracranial [brain] bleeding during the first 6 months and death with a bleeding diagnosis during the birth hospitalization.”
Could a type of CAR-T therapy put autoimmune diseases into remission? Stanford and Erlangen researchers used EBV-seq to profile EBV-infected B cells in 27 patients with autoimmune lupus, myositis, or systemic sclerosis. Twelve autoimmune patients received CD19 CAR-T therapy which cleared the pre-existing EBV-infected B cells and reset them to a naïve, non-autoreactive state, while Rituximab treatment left them intact. Sustained drug-free remission occurred in 8 of 12 CAR-T autoimmune patients versus 0 of 15 on Rituximab therapy.
“Women who had a longer reproductive period and had used or are using hormone replacement therapy showed fewer signs of damage to the small blood vessels in the brain later in life.” The authors caution that the data are observational and self-reported, so they cannot support recommending hormone therapy for prevention.
In 352 Swedish women scanned at ages 70 and 75, a longer reproductive span and menopausal hormone therapy were linked to less small vessel disease in the brain.
In APOE4 brains, pericytes convert into myofibroblasts driven by elevated TGF-β signaling. These cells deposit fibronectin, which promotes vascular amyloid buildup. Blocking TGF-β restored pericyte coverage and reduced fibrosis and amyloid in human iPSC-derived brain tissue and aged APOE4 mice. The authors caution that systemic TGF-β inhibition may carry safety concerns.
A new review in Science Immunology covers in vivo cell engineering, where lipid nanoparticles or viral vectors program immune cells inside the patient instead of in a lab. Early trials in cancer and lupus show feasibility, though lupus B cell depletion proved temporary. Key hurdles are precise targeting, off-target delivery, immunogenicity, and controlling how long the engineered cells persist. Eric Topol commented on Bluesky, “We are at the beginning of a new and exciting era to be able to program our immune system in the body (in vivo). This new review @SciImmunology nails it.”
Health ISAC is warning healthcare organizations to lock down refrigeration and cold storage controllers after a wave of cyberattacks, including one on a vendor serving the French blood bank, which pushed storage temperatures dangerously high before staff caught it. Recommended steps include separating controllers from hospital IT, training staff for manual control, and keeping offline backups.
Hawaii doctors may soon prescribe fresh food to 100,000-plus Medicaid patients. Starting as soon as January, recipients could get $50 to $55 weekly for fresh produce and proteins like ahi and chicken, easing diet-related illness while boosting local farms.
Tourists have visited the Cova de la Font Major since the 12th century, but it appears that they missed important prehistoric cave art. Researchers have now identified 280 Ice Age engravings, roughly 26,000 years old, in Catalonia’s Cova de la Font Major which shows that the region has a far richer Paleolithic history than previously thought.
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